Cartoon Strip Social Interactions

Children with autism, or children with other social deficits due intellectual or physical challenges face difficulty with acquisition, performance and fluency in social skills. Worksheets and cartoon strips about social interactions support all levels of challenge. Introduced as Cartoon Strip Conversations by Carol Gray, creator of Social Stories, cartoon strips are an effective way to support the instruction of appropriate interactions to children with language and social deficits, especially children with autism spectrum disorders. For children who have difficulty with Acquisition, The cartoon strip offers very explicit, visual, step by step information on how to interact. For a child with difficulty with Performance, writing the interaction phrases in the bubbles creates a practice that will enhance performance. Finally, for children who have not attained Fluency, the Cartoon strip will give them opportunities to build fluency and mentor children who are still acquiring the skills. In each case, cartoon strips provide opportunities to acquire and practice social interactions that meet them where they are at. This is differentiation at its best. Using Cartoon Strip Interactions Not everyone can draw, so I have created resources for you to use. The cartoon strips have four to six boxes and have pictures of the people participating in the interactions. I am offering a range of interactions: requests, greetings, initiating social interactions, and negotiations. I also offer these across milieux: many children do not understand that we interact differently with an adult, especially an unfamiliar adult or an adult in authority, than we do with a peer in an informal social situation. These nuances need to be pointed out and students need to learn criteria to figure out the unwritten social conventions. Introduce the concepts: What is a request, or an initiation? You need to teach and model these first. Have a typical student, an aide, or a high functioning student help you model: A request: Could you help me find the library?A Greeting: Hi, Im Amanda. Or, Hello, Dr. Williams. Its nice to see you.An interaction initiation: Hi, Im Jerry. I dont think weve met before. Whats your name?A Negotiation: Can I have a turn? How about after five minutes? Can I set the alarm on my watch? Templates for Comic Strips for making requests. Templates and lesson plans for Comic Strips for Initiating Interactions with Groups. Model creating a strip: Walk through each step of creating your strip. Use an ELMO projector or an overhead. How will you start your interaction? What are some greetings you can use? Generate a number of different ideas, and write them on chart paper where you can refer to them again, later. The large Post It Notes from 3M are great because you can stack them and stick them around the room. Write: Have students copy your interaction: You will have them decide on their own greetings, etc., after they have done one conversation together and practiced it. Student Role Play: Lead your students through practicing the interaction you have created together: you might have them rehearse in pairs and then have a few groups perform for everyone: you can have all perform or a few depending on the size of your group. If you videotape the interaction, you can have students evaluate each others performance. Evaluate: Teaching your students to evaluate their own performance and the performance of their peers will help them generalize the same activity when they are in public. We typical folks do it all the time: Did that go well with the boss? Maybe that joke about his tie was a little off color. Hmmmm . . . hows the resume? Coach and prompt the elements you want students to evaluate, such as: Eye contact: are they looking at the person they are addressing. Do that count to 5 or 6, or do they stare?Proximity: Did they stand a good distance for a friend, a stranger, or an adult?Voice and pitch: Was their voice loud enough? Did they sound friendly?Body Language: Did they have quiet hands and feet? Were their shoulders turned to the person they were addressing? Teach Feedback Skills: Typical kids have trouble with this since in general, teachers are not very good at giving or receiving constructive criticism. Feedback is the only way we learn from our performance. Give it kindly and generously, and expect your students to start doing it. Be sure to include Pats (good stuff,) and Pans (not so good stuff.) Ask students for 2 pats for every pan: i.e.: Pat: You had good eye contact and a good pitch. Pan: You didnt stand still.

Mcculloch V. Maryland Brief Free Essays

McCulloch v. Maryland Brief Fact Summary. The state of Maryland enacted a tax that would force the United States Bank in Maryland to pay taxes to the state. We will write a custom essay sample on Mcculloch V. Maryland Brief or any similar topic only for you Order Now McCulloch, a cashier for the Baltimore, Maryland Bank, was sued for not complying with the Maryland state tax. Synopsis of Rule of Law. Congress may enact laws that are necessary and proper to carry out their enumerated powers. The United States Constitution (Constitution) is the supreme law of the land and state laws cannot interfere with federal laws enacted within the scope of the Constitution. Facts. Congress chartered the Second Bank of the United States. Branches were established in many states, including one in Baltimore, Maryland. In response, the Maryland legislature adopted an Act imposing a tax on all banks in the state not chartered by the state legislature. James McCulloch, a cashier for the Baltimore branch of the United States Bank, was sued for violating this Act. McCulloch admitted he was not complying with the Maryland law. McCulloch lost in the Baltimore County Court and that court’s decision was affirmed by the Maryland Court of Appeals. The case was then taken by writ of error to the United States Supreme Court (Supreme Court). Issue. Does Congress have the authority to establish a Bank of the United States under the Constitution? Held. Yes. Judgment reversed. Counsel for the state of Maryland claimed that because the Constitution was enacted by the independent states, it should be exercised in subordination to the states. However, the states ratified the Constitution by a two-thirds vote of their citizens, not by a decision of the state legislature. Therefore, although limited in its powers, the Constitution is supreme over the laws of the states. There is no enumerated power within the Constitution allowing for the creation of a bank. But, Congress is granted the power of making â€Å"all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers. † The Supreme Court determines through Constitutional construction that â€Å"necessary† is not a limitation, but rather applies to any means with a legitimate end within the scope of the Constitution. Because the Constitution is supreme over state laws, the states cannot apply taxes, which would in effect destroy federal legislative law. Therefore, Maryland’s state tax on the United States Bank is unconstitutional. Discussion. This Supreme Court decision establishes the Constitution as the supreme law of the land, taking precedent over any state law incongruent with it. McCulloch v. Maryland Term: †¢1792-1850 o1819 Location: Maryland State House Facts of the Case In 1816, Congress chartered The Second Bank of the United States. In 1818, the state of Maryland passed legislation to impose taxes on the bank. James W. McCulloch, the cashier of the Baltimore branch of the bank, refused to pay the tax. Question The case presented two questions: Did Congress have the authority to establish the bank? Did the Maryland law unconstitutionally interfere with congressional powers? Conclusion Decision: 7 votes for McCulloch, 0 vote(s) against Legal provision: US Const. Art 1, Section 8 Clauses 1 and 18 In a unanimous decision, the Court held that Congress had the power to incorporate the bank and that Maryland could not tax instruments of the national government employed in the execution of constitutional powers. Writing for the Court, Chief Justice Marshall noted that Congress possessed unenumerated powers not explicitly outlined in the Constitution. Marshall also held that while the states retained the power of taxation, â€Å"the constitution and the laws made in pursuance thereof are supreme. . . they control the constitution and laws of the respective states, and cannot be controlled by them. â€Å" How to cite Mcculloch V. Maryland Brief, Papers

Pros and Cons of Alternative Medical Therapies

Question: Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of complementary and alternative therapies 800 words, 6 differeent refrences with direct quatitions and paraphraeses and no more one website Answer: Introduction Alternative treatments and therapies are forming a part of health toolkit with some being really advantageous and some requiring an eye of caution before use. The disadvantages of complementary therapies may outweigh its advantages but their advantages too cannot be ignored and therefore, there is a need to have deep and complete information about any kind of alternative therapy used for the treatment of a disease or adopted as a result of health improvement. The brighter side of alternative therapy The sole reason of empowerment of patients in the field of healthcare decisions is as a result of the complementary therapies. Alternative therapies or complementary treatments treat the person as a whole and not just focus over particular symptoms of disease and is sometimes termed as a holistic therapy and traditional medicine (Coulter, 1997). These alternative therapies include herbal medicine, yoga, osteopathy, aromatherapy, acupuncture, Alexander technique, naturopathy, reiki etc. They are less invasive and more of cost effective than conventional methods of treatment. It is believed that natural products are more preferable than artificial medicines and therefore, it is always beneficial to consume these natural products in the form of treatments of medicines. People adopt complementary therapies to maintain their good health at a reasonable cost. These therapies aid them to perform well in everyday tasks and is sometimes also a result of dissatisfactory conventional medical pr actices. There are plethora of medical therapies and products in store.Some of the chronic diseases which cannot be well treated by the means of conventional medical treatments or therapies have solutions in alternative therapies. These therapies when applied on a long term basis may help in curing those effects or at least work on subsiding their reactions over the body. The accessibility and availability of these alternative therapies are outstanding and commendable. One kind of treatment in complementary aspect can help in treatment of various illness and diseases which have affected the body or mind of the patient. Some of the practices and therapies do not require any surgical interventions during the treatment. These treatments give body personal attention and provide with a whole-body care at an advanced and careful level. The pay heed towards preventing a patient from further developing such problems and not just cure them at once. The main focus of natural process is an overall health of a person with a healthy lifestyle and day to day well being. These treatments include medical, moral, aesthetic, emotional and focused support. The cons of taking complementary therapy There are no signs of detecting, diagnosis or symptom analysis in the case of alternative therapies. They are based over the traditional knowledge gained by the mast treatments and have less evidences of scientific evidence and scope of safe and effective medical practices. It is not always the most effective treatment for a person and may sometimes have side effects due to interaction with other drugs. Majority of the treatments are not reimbursed. There are prevalent issues pertaining to the purity and serenity of these medicines or treatments because of their possible interaction or in other terms reaction with the other substances which are taken up in conventional treatments. Alternative treatments are not risk free and may do more harm if taken in inappropriate proportions or without any caution (Briggs, 2001). The effects of the alternative medicines or treatments may be negative over the body if their consequences are not analyzed before intake. A perfect dosage is a must for effective results however, in case of over dosage they may cause serious problems and consequences. It can be wisely justified that these types of treatments or medicines do not suit every person and hence they must be tested with a prototype of the same before giving complete treatment or therapy. Sometimes, physicians also regard that these treatments are more of a psychological help more than that of real medical treatment in actual. In some of the un-fateful cases, these treatments does damage the situation and make it worse than curing it from the root. The ineffectiveness of these medical treatments are a result of lack of scientific studies that are unable to demonstrate a level of trust in the therapies with the use of non-controlled substances and products. Some wrong practices may also be adopted by corrupt practitioners in the name of alternative treatments and may prove to be really harmful for the patients entrusting them. Natural and safe are often confused and theref ore, marketers adopt confused marketing as a strategy to sell their therapies or products as being safe. Conclusion It must be carefully observed that there is no guarantee for use of alternative medicines as a true alternative to contemporary medicines and therefore, there must be careful analysis done before adoption of any of the medical therapy or treatment undertaken. There must be a balance between advantages and disadvantages to select a specific mode of treatment. References: Advantages, M. (2011). Pros and cons of phage therapy. Coulter, A. (1997). Partnerships with patients: the pros and cons of shared clinical decision-making.Journal of Health Services Research,2(2), 112-121. Dahle, L. O., Brynhildsen, J., Fallsberg, M. B., Rundquist, I., Hammar, M. (2002). Pros and cons of vertical integration between clinical medicine and basic science within a problem-based undergraduate medical curriculum: examples and experiences from Linkping, Sweden.Medical Teacher,24(3), 280-285. Cassileth, B. R., Deng, G. (2004). Complementary and alternative therapies for cancer.The Oncologist,9(1), 80-89. Fontaine, D. K., Briggs, L. P., Pope-Smith, B. (2001). Designing humanistic critical care environments.Critical care nursing quarterly,24(3), 21-34. Britten, N. (2008).Medicines and society: Patients, professionals and the dominance of pharmaceuticals. Palgrave Macmillan.

The Ending Of Anna Karenina Essays (606 words) -

The Ending Of Anna Karenina The ending of Anna Karenina As we saw at the end of the novel Anna Karenina, Anna ends her tragic life by throwing herself onto the tracks underneath an oncoming train, while begging God for forgiveness during that time. The way Annas life ended symbolized the rise and fall of her life put together into one incident that took place on the subway. Anna, who at one point was a very prominent woman in the Russian Society, now lived a sad and dreadful life of misery. By reading at the end, it became very obvious that Anna had by far reached her lowest point in life. Her social problems with Vronsky, Karenin, as well as her other surroundings leave her old and alone. Could all of this been prevented? Sure. Could the Russian Society not have the fall that they had? Sure. However, each situation, whether it was Anna, or the Russian Society, each made choices that decided their eventual fate. In the end, the scripture Vengeance is mine, I will repay, showed itself to be the most important quote in the novel. Anna, just like Russia, were both equally successful. Anna was a popular woman in Society, Russias upper class were very wealthy and prosperous. Overtime, each made costly decisions that sent themselves into trouble. Anna had her problems with her infidelities, while the Russian Society had problems controlling how much money they spent. Eventually, Anna personality changes completely due to her looking at society in a different light and vice versa. Some members of the Russian Society, had to give up the good life, in exchange for a paying job to help payoff debts accumulated by sheer ignorance and a willingness to spend but not pay. The theme of the novel was based solely on choice. The theme of choice was the starting point of the novel that built into other facets of the story. From the first few pages of the novel where Oblonsky has an infidelity with Dolly, but shows no remorse for his actions. That situation was circled around the two main marriages in the novel between Levin and Kitty, as well as Anna and Karenin. As the novel continued, we saw the Russian aristocracy throw their money completely away to the point of bankruptcy and debt. The aristocracy made their decision to continue to live the wealthy life, only worrying about eternal presentation. The Russian aristocracy lived a dual life. On one hand, parts of the aristocracy tried to present themselves as people who did not have a worry in the world and just lived life easy, where in reality, they were suffering inside with the same problems as most of the common people that lived there during that time. Anna was the central figure in the novel, hence the title Anna Karenina. Annas ups and downs were magnified due to her being that central figure that the novel focused on. From her marrige to Karenin, to infidelities with Vronsky, to the end where she throws herself onto the train, the entire focus of the novel centered around her and her life. The importance of her fall signified the fall of Anna, as well as Russia. Russia, for the most part, took that exact same fall. It was a fitting conclusion to a novel which showed the ups and downs of most, if not all the characters in the novel. I agree with Tolstoy, the way the story ended was a fitting conclusion. Why change it if it were true. Bibliography Anna Karenina, Leo Tolstoy-1950 English Essays

Collecting Data for the Problem Behavior

Collecting Data for the Problem Behavior When you are writing an FBA (Functional Behavior Analysis) you will need to collect data. There are three kinds of information you will be choosing: Indirect Observational Data, Direct Observational Data, and if possible, Experimental Observational Data. A true Functional Analysis will include an Analogue Condition Functional Analysis. Dr. Chris Borgmeier of Portland State University has made a number of helpful forms available online to use for this data collection. Indirect Observational Data: The first thing to do is to interview parents, classroom teachers and others who have had ongoing responsibility for supervising the child in question. Be sure that you give each stakeholder the functional description of the behavior, to be sure it is the behavior you are seeing. You will want to explore instruments for collecting this information.  Many questionnaire formats evaluative forms are designed for parents, teachers and other stakeholders to create observational data that can be used to support student success.   Direct Observation Data You will need to determine what kinds of data do you need. Does the behavior appear frequently, or is it the intensity that is frightening? Does it seem to occur without warning? Can the behavior be redirected, or does it intensify when you intervene? If the behavior is frequent, you will want to use a frequency or scatter plot tool. A frequency tool can be a partial interval tool, that records how frequently a behavior appears during a finite period. The results will be X occurrences per hour. A scatter plot can help identify patterns in the occurrence of behaviors. By pairing certain activities with the occurrence of behaviors, you can identify both antecedents and possibly the consequence that is reinforcing the behavior. If the behavior lasts a long time, you may want a duration measure. The scatter plot may give you information about when it happens, a duration measure will let you know how long a behavior tends to last. You will also want to make an ABC observational form available for any people who are observing and collecting the data.  At the same time, be sure you have operationalized the behavior, describing the behaviors topography so each observer is looking for the same thing.  This is called inter-observer reliability.   Analogue Condition Functional Analysis You may find that you can identify the antecedent and consequence of behavior with direct observation. Sometimes to confirm it, an Analogue Condition Functional Analysis would be helpful. You need to set up the observation in a separate room. Set up a play situation with neutral or preferred toys. You then proceed to insert one variable at a time: a request to do work, removal of a favored item or you leave the child alone. If the behavior appears when you are present in a neutral setting, it may be automatically reinforcing. Some children will hit themselves in the head because they are bored, or because they have an ear infection. If the behavior appears when you leave, it is most likely for attention. If the behavior appears when you ask the child to do an academic task, it is for avoidance. You will want to record your results, not only on paper but perhaps also on a videotape. Time to Analyze! Once you have collected enough information, you will be ready to move on to your analysis, which will focus on the ABC of the behavior (Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence.)

The right brothers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

The right brothers - Essay Example One of these was a toy helicopter, which sparked a love for flying in the brothers. When the toy broke down, the brothers made a replacement, a feat that illustrated their future inventive capabilities (The Wright Story, 2010). The brothers’ childhood appears to have been highly enriched by their father’s travel and family relocations to various locations in the Mid West, familial encouragement in intellectual pursuits and natural boyhood curiosity, enterprise and inventiveness (The Wright Story 2010). Milton Wright’s strict discipline, farming background experience and Susan’s mechanical ability to make useful things with her hands were imparted into their children in a warm, loving and encouraging family atmosphere. The Wright brothers were exposed to a wide ranging world of ideas through the literature in the family library, as well as their father’s travel experiences (The Wright Story 2010). Despite not being well schooled, the brothers were brought up in a creative and intellectual environment that suited pursuit of varying challenges (Wright Brothers n. d.). Wilbur was a bright, outgoing, robust and studious child who excelled in his academic pursuits and had plans to attend Yale University after graduating from high school (Wilbur 2015). However, an accident in the 1885-86 fall at the hands of an opponent’s an ice hockey stick disfigured his face resulting in a depression, drop out from high school and cancellation of college attendance plans. He became recluse, spending more time at home reading, helping out his father in his religious work and looking after his sick mother (Wilbur 2015). Susan Wright later died from tuberculosis. Orville was a mischievous and curious child given to playing pranks. Despite the fact that his family encouraged his intellectual development and academic pursuit, Orville was once expelled from school due to hi mischief. He especially loved flying kites and started making his

Financial Performance for SAC 2010 & 2011 Assignment

Financial Performance for SAC 2010 & 2011 - Assignment Example At the end, recommendations are presented for Sparklin Automotive Company on the basis of performance evaluation presented in the report. Ratio analysis refers to the financial analysis tool through which financial analysts carry out the analysis of a company’s financial performance by conducting a quantitative analysis. For the purpose of determining different ratios for the company, its financial statements are considered, which include comparative information, i.e. information pertaining to more than one financial year (Albrecht, Stice, & Stice, 2008; Eugene F. Brigham, 2012; Needles & Powers, 2010). Current ratio is a measure of liquidity position of a company, which determines the amount of liquid assets possessed by a company in comparison with the amounts owed by it in short run. The ratio is determined by dividing current assets with current liabilities of the company (Needles & Powers, 2010). The debt to equity ratio for a company shows that how far a company’s finance is obtained through borrowing with reference to the total equity of the company. This ratio, as the name suggests, is determined by dividing the total debt of the company with total equity (Needles & Powers, 2010). The inventory turnover ratio shows the frequency with which a company’s inventory is sold over a period of time. The ratio is determined by dividing the total sales revenue with the average inventory level or ending inventory, as the case may be (Needles & Powers, 2010). This ratio signifies the efficiency of a company with respect to the collection of its amounts owed to debtors. When accounts receivable turnover is high, it is considered favorable because the company is able to maintain a lower level of receivables with respect to total revenues earned on credit. The ratio is determined by dividing the total revenues earned with accounts receivables (Needles & Powers, 2010). The gross margin percentage is a ratio which shows gross margin as a